Macular Degeneration

Macular degeneration is a deterioration of the macula, the area in the retina responsible for central vision and fine detail. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common form, causing blurred vision, dark areas, or distortion.

There are two types:

1. Wet Macular Degeneration: Abnormal blood vessels form underneath the retina, leaking fluid or blood and causing rapid vision loss.
2. Dry Macular Degeneration: Aging and thinning of macula tissues lead to gradual vision loss.

Symptoms include blurred vision, dark areas, and distorted straight lines. Early stages may be unnoticed, but routine eye exams can detect AMD.

Treatments include:

1. Anti-VEGF drugs: Blocking chemicals that cause abnormal blood vessels.
2. Laser Surgery: Treating wet AMD by slowing or stopping leaking blood vessels.
3. Nutritional Supplements: Antioxidant vitamins and zinc may reduce AMD impact.
4. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT): Combining a special drug and laser treatment to slow or stop leaking blood vessels.

While treatments can preserve sight, many people with macular degeneration still experience vision loss. Early detection and routine eye exams are crucial.